Wherever you are, glance around and it’s a good bet you’ll spot something crafted from wood. Wood is a versatile material and it’s important to know how to care for and finish your woodworking projects. Whether you’re a novice or a seasoned pro, there’s always something new to learn about finishing—or not finishing—your woodwork.
Leaving Wood Unfinished
Going au naturel with wood can be a style choice if you’re not bothered by exposure to light, potential water damage, or you just love the raw beauty of the material. But beware—untreated wood is vulnerable, prone to stains, moisture damage, and warping which can quickly ruin your project. On the flip side, finishing wood enhances its resistance to these problems significantly.
The Charm and Challenge of Unfinished Wood
Unfinished wood has its own rustic charm, yet it doesn’t compare to the rich hues and smoothness of a finished cherry dining table. While a fresh piece of unfinished wood may look appealing, over time it can dull, warp, and stain, diminishing its beauty and functionality.
Detecting Unfinished Wood
Distinguishing unfinished from finished wood can be tricky due to advancements in woodworking. A shiny, glossed appearance usually indicates a finish, whereas a matte, dull look suggests the wood is untreated. The water test can confirm your suspicions: if water absorbs and stains the wood, it’s unfinished.
To Sand or Not to Sand?
Sanding is dependent on your project’s nature. Sculptural, rustic pieces may do without, but pieces intended for regular use should be sanded. Start with coarser grits and work up to finer ones for a smooth, prepared surface for finishing.
Cleaning Unfinished Wood
Given wood’s absorbency, avoid liquid cleaners. Sandpaper can remove surface stains, while lukewarm water with dish soap can gently cleanse without damaging the wood.
Finishing Your Wood Project
Desiring a finished look? Sand, stain, and apply a finish coat. Gradual sanding with various grits is crucial for a smooth result. For staining, even application is key, and the depth of color can be controlled by the duration the stain is left on. Finally, apply a finish coat to protect your masterpiece.
Choosing a Non-Darkening Finish
If you want to maintain the wood’s natural look, opt for a “water-white” finish that dries matte, keeping the natural aesthetic intact.
Best Oils for Unfinished Wood
Selecting the right oil is essential and depends on the wood type and desired finish. Linseed oil is excellent for cedar or rosewood, tung oil for maple or oak, and danish oil for beech or ash. Matching the oil to the wood ensures the best protection and finish.
| Aspect | Unfinished Wood | Finished Wood |
|---|---|---|
| Appearance | Rustic, natural | Rich, enhanced |
| Durability | Prone to damage | Resistant to wear |
| Maintenance | More absorbent, harder to clean | Easier to clean, less maintenance |
| Finishing Process | None, unless desired | Sanding, staining, sealing |
| Best Uses | Rustic projects, casual use | Fine furniture, high-use areas |